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  Acids and bases are important concepts in chemistry that describe the properties and behavior of substances in aqueous solutions. An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) to a solution, and a base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions. The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines its pH, with low pH values indicating high acidity and high pH values indicating high basicity. Acids can be classified as strong or weak based on their ability to dissociate into ions in a solution. Strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), completely dissociate into ions and have a large concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. Weak acids, such as acetic acid (CH3COOH), only partially dissociate into ions and have a lower concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. Bases can also be classified as strong or weak based on their ability to dissociate into ions in a solution . Strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxi